Absolute vs. Relative Grounds for Refusal of Trademarks under the Trade Marks Act, 1999

Introduction Trademarks have evolved far beyond mere symbols or words—they represent the very identity of businesses, embodying years of investment, consumer trust, and brand value. In today’s competitive market, a unique and legally protected brand identity is crucial for business success.However, not every proposed trademark passes the rigorous examination process under Indian law. The Trade […]